Silymarin is obtained from the seeds of silybum marianum m ilk thistle, an edible plant that has been used medicinally from ancien t times for the treatment of various liver disorders. Hepatoprotective effects of silybum marianum silymarin and glycyrrhiza glabra glycyrrhizin in combination. Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of gold. Wikiproject medicine may be able to help recruit an expert. Sylibum marianum carduus marianum or milk thistle is a plant of the asteraceae family. Biosynthesis and cell regeneration are also accelerated. The objective of this work was to verify the hepatoprotective effects of silybum marianum seed cakes in feed mixtures used for the fattening of chicken broilers to heavier weights. Reactive oxygen species scavenging antioxidant effect. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of milk thistle dea.
Silybum marianum milk thistle has been shown to have clinical applications in the treatment of toxic hepatitis, fatty liver, cirrhosis, ischemic injury, radiation toxicity, and. The hepatoprotective activity of silymarin against ccl4induced liver injury was. The plant phenolic compounds such as flavonoids have an important role in the treatment of many diseases and some of them have a potent hepatoprotective effect. Dpph free radical scavenging activity and phenotypic difference in hepatoprotective plant silybum marianum l. Hepatoprotective activity of silybum marianum and cichorium. Silybum marianum is used vigorously in cirrhosis, prostate, skin and breast cancer, cervical cells and kidney ailments. One hepatoprotective agent used widely in the treatment of various liver disorders, such as hepatitis or fatty infiltration caused by alcohol or toxins, is the standardized extract of silybum marianum, known as milk thistle or silymarin slm 811.
Herbal plants or botanical medicines have been used traditionally by herbalist worldwide for the prevention and treatment of liver disease. Silymarin slm is a lipophilic extract isolated from the seeds and fruits of silybum marianum, a herbaceous plant belonging to the family compositae and native to a narrow area of the mediterranean. Executive summary milk thistle extract silymarin silybin. Silybum marianum has high safety, causes no adverse effect on body weight and produces hepatoprotective ands antioxidant effects on ccl 4 poisoned rats 11. Hepatoprotective effects of milk thistle silybum marianum seed. Hepatoprotection or antihepatotoxicity is the ability of a chemical substance to prevent damage to the liver. The antioxidant activity of 2,3dehydrosilybin is reported for the first time and on 14. The maintenance of a healthy liver is vital to overall health of the human beings.
Abstract this study has assessed the protective efficacy of silybum. Hepatoprotective effects of milk thistle silybum marianum seed cakes during the chicken broiler fattening. Family asteraceae legalon, carsil, silybinin, silymar, fluid extract etc. Free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of. Hepatoprotective activity of silymarin has been demonstrated by various researchers from all over the world against partial hepatectomy models and toxic models in experimental animals by using.
The study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of p. The german health authorities, equivalent to the u. Research article hepatoprotective effect of silymarin silybum marianum on hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen in spontaneously hypertensive rats abelfelipefreitag,gabrielfernandoestevescardia,brunoambrosiodarocha, rafaelpazzinattoaguiar,franciellimariadesouzasilvacomar, ricardoalexandrespironello,renatagrespan,silvanamartinscaparroz. In the case of hepatic diseases, several species such as silybum marianum, phyllanthus niruri, and panus giganteus berk. Although clinical trials have shown silymarin is safe at high doses 1500 mgday in humans, the pharmacokinetic studies over the past three decades. Hepatoprotective effect of silymarin silybum marianum on hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Silymarin is a flavonoid derived from silybum marianum, a plant commonly known as milk thistle. Hepatoprotective and antiviral functions of silymarin components in hepatitis c virus infection stephen j. Pdf hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of silybum. Silymarin is the major bioactive constituent of the milk thistle seed extract of the medicinal plant silybum marianum of the family asteraceae.
Hepatoprotective activity of silymarin in combination with. Nisar ahmad, hina fazal, bilal haider abbasi, shazma anwar, and abdul basir toxicology and industrial health 2012 29. In india it is found commonly in jammu and kashmir at an altitude of 1,8002,400m and cultivated in other places for ornament on rocky or sandy soils. Hepatoprotective effects of milk thistle silybum marianum. Hepatoprotective effects of silybum marianum silymarin and. Evaluation of hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of ichnocarpus frutescens linn. It has been so dramatically effective that the treatment has never been disputed, even by the traditional. The discovery of the antioxidant activity for 2,3dehydrosilybin allows in a new fashion to discuss the contribution of flavolignans in biological activity of hepatoprotective remedies on the basis of silybum marianum drugs. Modern extracts are typically standardized to 7080 percent silymarin. Silymarin exhibits hepatoprotective and regenerative properties, 126,127 and is one of the most widely used natural compounds for the treatment of hepatic diseases worldwide, due to its antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antifibrotic activities. In vitro assessment of hepatoprotective agents against.
The hepatoprotective effects of activaloe n931 complex, a mixture of aloe vera and silybum marianum, against acute and chronic carbon tetrachloride ccl4induced liver injuries were investigated. The hepatoprotective properties of milk thistle extracts in acute and chronic liver injury is probably related to inhibition of leukotriene b formation by silibinin dehmlow, 1996. Silymarin is the extract of silybum marianum, or milk thistle, and consists of seven flavonoglignans. Hepatoprotective activity of silybum marianum and cichorium intybus against thioacetamide in rat. It is a mixture of mainly three flavonolignans, viz, silybin, silidianin, and silychristine, with silybin being the most active. The protective effects of silybum marianum on liver injury may be related to the recovery of the membrane fluidities of liver microsome and mitochondria wu. Twelve hours after apap administration, plasmatic levels of liver function. Originally, silybum marianum was a native of asia and southern europe, but now it is found throughout the world. In india, a study has reported that picrorrhiza kurroaroyle is more potent thansilybum marianum as hepatoprotective agent however, this study is not complete in all aspects. Milk thistle silybum marianum has been over the past few millennia, at the very least, one of the most widely used and effective herbs in the world.
Research article hepatoprotective effect of silymarin. Assessment of hepatoprotective activity of caralluma. After the middle ages, the use of silybum marianum in medicine has increased even more, and, at the same time, scientific data derived from its use have intensified, especially in liver pathologies 2. Hadaruga department of applied chemistry and organicnatural compounds engineering, politehnica university of timisoara, faculty of industrial chemistry and environmental engineering, 300006timisoara, pta victoriei 2, romania.
Pdf hepatoprotective activity of silybum marianum and cichorium. It is a plant native to the mediterranean region and belongs to the asteraceae family. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of silymarin slm on the hypertension state and the liver function changes induced by acetaminophen apap in spontaneously hypertensive rat shr. Silybum marianum, silymarin, hepatoprotective remedy, antioxidant received november 3, 2014. Recently, much attention has been focused on investigating the hepatoprotective function of naturally occurring compounds and their mechanisms of action. Pdf silybum marianum is a medicinal plant that has long been used as. Milk thistle is certainly one of those herbs you can take indefinitely in order to extend your quality of life. Milk thistle is unique in its ability to protect the liver and has no equivalent in the pharmaceutical drug world. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of milk thistle. Antioxidant activity of hepatoprotective silymarin and.
The active complex of mt is a lipophilic extract from the seeds of the plant and is composed of three isomer flavonolignans silybin, silydianin, and silychristine, collectively known as silymarin. Silymarin is the superior extracts from silybum marianum as compare to two extracts. Silymarin, a flavonolignan from the seeds of milk thistle silybum marianum, has been widely used from ancient times because of its excellent hepatoprotective action. Silybum marianum european medicines agency europa eu. Effect of the flavanolignans of silybum marianum l. Slm is composed of several flavonolignans isomers 6580% with small amounts of flavonoids and fatty acids 2035% and other polyphenolic.
The use of medicinal plants in treating illnesses has been reported since ancestral times. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of milk thistle silybum. The most commonly used parameters to assess the hepatoprotective activity were. Evaluation of hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of. International journal of integrative sciences, innovation and technology 20. It is characterized by thorny branches and a milky sap, with its oval leaves reaching up to 30 cm. Dpph free radical scavenging activity and phenotypic. The silybum marianum, have an antioxidant and have been shown to exhibit anti carcinogenic, antiinflammatory, hepatoprotection and growth modulatory effects.
It has been shown to possess antioxidant properties and thus preventing lipid peroxidation and membrane destruction in cells of the liver. Pdf hepatoprotective activity of silybum marianum and. Silymarin is a natural compound derived from the species silybum marianum, which is commonly known as milk thistle. Milk thistle fruits often erroneously referred to as seeds contain up to 6 percent silymarin, the active. The extract of androgrphis paniculata produces adequate hepatoprotective activity on albino wistar rats. Hepatoprotective effects of silymarin on ccl4induced hepatic. The common name, milk thistle, is derived from the milkywhite veins on the leaves, which, when broken open, yield a milky sap. It is a mixture of phenylpropanoid and flavonoid derived from the extract of silybum marianum milk thistle 8. On the basis of such regenerative properties, the radical scavenging activity 1,1diphenyl2picrylhydrazyl. Its use for liver disorders dates back to pliny the elder, a roman naturalist, who described milk thistle as being excellent for carrying off bile. Information about the openaccess article antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of milk thistle silybum marianum l. Evaluation of the hepatoprotective activity of portulaca oleracea l.
Mar 27, 2014 silybum marianum is the scientific name for milk thistle or st. Hepatoprotective effect of silymarin silybum marianum on. Milk thistle silybum marianum is a herbal product commonly used by patients with hiv for the management or prevention of antiretroviralinduced hepatotoxicity or liver disease caused by coinfection with hepatitis b or c 27. Since the liver is involved in almost all biochemical processes and there are many different diseases that will affect it. The plant is native to the mediterranean and grows throughout europe, north america, india, china, south america, africa and a. Article pdf available in pakistan journal of nutrition 71. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. Medicinal plants are promising source of hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity, either alone or in combination with other drugs, are valuable in the treatment of a range of liver and gallbladder disorders, poisoning from chemical and environmental toxins2. Hepatoprotective effects of milk thistle silybum marianum seed cakes during the chicken broiler fattening p. A timedependent study was designed to evaluate the ability of silymarin sln and glycyrrhizin gln in different dosage regimens to lessen oxidative stress in the rats with hepatic injury caused by the hepatotoxin carbon tetrachloride. Assessment of hepatoprotective activity of caralluma tuberculata stem against ccl 4induced liver damage. There are medical confirmations for anticarcinogenic and hepatoprotective activities of milk thistle. Leptadenia reticulata showed significant hepatoprotective activity.
Milk thistle silybum marianum benefits, side effects. Research article hepatoprotective effects of silybum marianum silymarin and glycyrrhiza glabra glycyrrhizin in combination. The total dose of cci4 administered was in the range of 0. Oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and transaminase reactions are some of the mechanisms that can lead to liver dysfunction. Silybum marianum milk thistle description and constituents silybum marianum milk thistle has been used for centuries as an herbal medicine for the treatment of liver disease. It is an herbaceous plant and possesses certain specific medicinal properties and can also acts as a host for some pathogens. Hepatoprotective effects of silybum marianum silymarin. Hepatoprotective activity of silybum marianum and cichorium intybus against thioacetamide in rat article pdf available in pakistan journal of nutrition 71 january 2008 with 1,573 reads. Hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of silybum. Animals normotensive n or hypertensive shr were treated or not with apap 3 gkg, oral or previously treated with slm. Milk thistle silybum marianum herbal monograph brett. Sanjib bhattacharya, in nuts and seeds in health and disease prevention, 2011. Research article hepatoprotective effects of silybum marianum. The liver is often abused by environmental toxins, which are eating habits, alcohol and overdose of certain drugs which can damage and weaken the liver and eventually lead to many diseases.
Its probably the most important herbal liver medicine out there and can be used very effectively to help limitprevent liver damage when exposed to toxinspoisons. In this study, we have investigated the protective effects of polyphenolic extracts of silybum marianum and cichorium intybus on thioacethamide. Silybum marianum or milk thistle mt is the most wellresearched plant in the treatment of liver disease. Reassessing bioavailability of silymarin accurate clinic. In fact, in cases of poisoning with amanita mushrooms, which destroy the liver, milk thistle is the only treatment option. Wistar male albino rats hepatoprotective activity of silybum marianum and clchorium intybus against thioacetamide in rats, pakistan journal of nutrition,2008,vol71,pg no. A possible synergy mahmood rasool, 1 javed iqbal, 2 arif malik, 3 hafiza sobia ramzan, 3 muhammad saeed qureshi, 3 muhammad asif, 4 mahmood husain qazi, 5 mohammad amjad kamal, 6 adeel gulzar ahmed chaudhary, 1 mohammed. Antioxidant activity of hepatoprotective silymarin and silybum marianum l. Hepatoprotective effect of silymarin silybum marianum on hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen in spontaneously. Treatment options for common liver diseases such as. Mpo enzyme activity was measured in the supernatant of homogenate of liver tissue sections. Silybum marianum, a member of the aster family, is a tall herb with large prickly whiteveined green leaves and a reddishpurple. In this study, we have investigated the protective effects of polyphenolic extracts of silybum marianum and cichorium intybus on thioacethamideinduced hepatotoxicity in rat.
The effects observed were compared with a known hepatoprotective agent, silymarin. Hepatoprotective and antiviral functions of silymarin. A possible synergy mahmoodrasool, 1 javediqbal, 2 arifmalik, 3 hafizasobiaramzan, 3 muhammadsaeedqureshi, 3 muhammadasif, 4 mahmoodhusainqazi, 5 mohammadamjadkamal, 6 adeelgulzarahmedchaudhary, 1. Silybum marianum is a medicinal plant whose therapeutic history dates back to 2000 years ago and was used as a hepatoprotective medication to treat jaundice and enlarged liver and spleen. Milk thistle preparations are from the seeds of silybum marianum, a member of the sunflower family native to a narrow area of the mediterranean, but grown for. Introduction of the milk thistle silybum marianum l. Pharmacology of silybum marianum and its active constituents. This article needs attention from an expert in medicine.
Pdf dpph free radical scavenging activity and phenotypic. Assessment of a dry extract from milk thistle silybum marianum for interference with human liver cytochromep450 activities. Hepatoprotective activity of some indigenous plants sharma bhawna1, sharma upendra kumar2 institute of pharmacy b. Hepatoprotective herbal drug, silymarin from experimental. Prabhakaran v, srinivas ashok kumar b, sheshadri shekar d, nandeesh r, subramanyam p and ranganayakulu d. Silybum marianum is a safe herb, rare reactions were reported if the dosage is high. Citeseerx hepatoprotective activity of silybum marianum. It is widely prescribed by herbalists and has almost no known side effects. Polyak,1,2,3 peter ferenci,4 and jeanmichel pawlotsky5,6 t here exists a widely held view that silymarin a. Due to its unique hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory activities, silymarin is currently at the core of many biological innovations in clinical medicine. World journal of pharmaceutical research introduction silybum marianum l.
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